Specifications
Dump Trucks Category Spec Sheet
Dump trucks are essential for transporting loose materials like sand, gravel, and demolition waste. Key specifications often revolve around their carrying capacity, engine power, and overall dimensions, which dictate their suitability for various job sites and hauling requirements.
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Specifications by system
Engine
Horsepower150-600 hpDetermines power for hauling heavy loads and navigating inclines.
Displacement6.0-16.0 LEngine size, impacting power and fuel efficiency.
Fuel Tank Capacity50-200 gallonsDictates operating time between refueling.
Emissions CertificationTier 4 FinalRelevant for compliance with environmental regulations.
Capacity
Payload Capacity10,000-80,000 lbsMaximum weight of material the truck can carry.
Struck Capacity10-30 cubic ydsVolume of material the bed can hold when level.
Heaped Capacity12-35 cubic ydsVolume with material piled above the bed walls.
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)26,000-110,000 lbsTotal permissible weight of the truck and its load.
Dimensions
Overall Length20-35 ftImportant for maneuverability on job sites.
Overall Width8-12 ftIncluding mirrors, affects transport regulations.
Overall Height9-12 ftWith bed down, critical for overhead clearances.
Wheelbase120-220 inchesAffects turning radius and stability.
Performance
Max Speed50-70 mphRoad speed when empty or loaded.
Turning Radius25-45 ftKey for maneuvering in tight spaces.
Gradeability20-40%Ability to climb inclines with a load.
Dump Angle45-70 degreesMaximum angle the bed can tilt to unload material.
Chassis/Axles
Front Axle Weight Rating12,000-24,000 lbsMaximum weight allowable on the front axle.
Rear Axle Weight Rating (Tandem)38,000-80,000 lbsMaximum weight allowable on the rear drive axles.
Suspension TypeSpring, Air RideAffects ride comfort and load stability.
Drive Configuration4x2, 6x4, 8x4Number of wheels and driven wheels.
Weight classes
| Class | Weight range | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Light Duty/Commercial | Up to 26,000 lbs GVWR | Residential landscaping, small construction debris, municipal work. |
| Medium Duty | 26,000 - 54,000 lbs GVWR | General construction, material hauling, road maintenance. |
| Heavy Duty/Vocational | 54,000 - 80,000 lbs GVWR | Large-scale construction, quarry operations, aggregate transport. |
| Off-Highway/Articulated | 80,000 - 200,000+ lbs GVWR | Mining, large earthmoving, extreme terrain. |
Common attachments
Snow PlowSalt/Sand SpreaderWater TankTransfer TrailerPup TrailerSide Dump BedRoll-off Container SystemLive-bottom Dispenser
Typical price ranges
Used Entry-Level (older, higher hours)
$25,000 - $70,000 USDTypically older models, may require significant maintenance investment. Often 10+ years old.
Used Mid-Range (newer, moderate hours)
$70,000 - $150,000 USD5-10 years old, good condition with regular maintenance records. Can offer good value.
New Commercial/Vocational
$150,000 - $300,000 USDBrand new, standard configurations for on-road construction and hauling.
New Heavy Duty/Specialized
$300,000 - $600,000+ USDNew off-highway or highly specialized models, often with custom features or advanced technology.
Buyer tip: Always verify exact payload and GVWR limits for specific models and local road regulations. Consider the terrain and type of material to be hauled, as these greatly influence the optimal dump truck configuration.